A Bragg grating, as a fiber optic sensor, has all of the benefits typically associated with these devices, such as low loss relative to fiber length, immunity to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference, small size and weight, intrinsically safe operation in hazardous. A Bragg grating, as a fiber optic sensor, has all of the benefits typically associated with these devices, such as low loss relative to fiber length, immunity to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference, small size and weight, intrinsically safe operation in hazardous. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are essential optical devices that reflect specific wavelengths of light, enabling precise sensing and filtering in industries like telecommunications, aerospace, and structural health monitoring. FBGs are highly valued for their compact design, high sensitivity, and. (1) Anti-electromagnetic interference: Generally, the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is much lower than that of light wave, so the optical signal transmitted in optical fiber is not affected by electromagnetic interference. (2) Good electrical insulation, safety and reliability: the optical. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have emerged as advanced tools for monitoring a wide range of physical parameters in various fields, including structural health, aerospace, biochemical, and environmental applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology. The FBGs in optical fiber enable signal transmission with less loss, over longer distances, and at higher data transfer rates than electrical cables. High sensitivity and accuracy The FBGs are designed for measurements that require excellent wavelength precision and accuracy of micrometers.